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Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting
FSG1100HN User’s Guide
116
Subnet Mask - Identifying Network Number
1ST
OCTET:
(192)
2ND
OCTET:
(168)
3RD
OCTET:
(1)
4TH
OCTET:
(2)
Network Number
11000000
10101000
00000001
Host ID
00000010
By convention, subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones
beginning from the leftmost bit of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence
of zeros, for a total number of 32 bits.
Subnet masks can be referred to by the size of the network number part (the bits
with a “1” value). For example, an “8-bit mask” means that the first 8 bits of the
mask are ones and the remaining 24 bits are zeroes.
Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses.
The following examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8-bit, 16-bit,
24-bit and 29-bit subnet masks.
Subnet Masks
BINARY
DECIMAL
1ST
OCTET
2ND
OCTET
3RD
OCTET
4TH
OCTET
8-bit
mask
11111111
00000000
00000000
00000000
255.0.0.
16-bit
mask
11111111
11111111
00000000
00000000
255.255.0.0
24-bit
mask
11111111
11111111
11111111
00000000
255.255.255.0
29-bit
mask
11111111
11111111
11111111
11111000
255.255.255.248
Network Size
The size of the network number determines the maximum number of possible
hosts you can have on your network. The larger the number of network number
bits, the smaller the number of remaining host ID bits.
An IP address with host IDs of all zeros is the IP address of the network
(192.168.1.0 with a 24-bit subnet mask, for example). An IP address with host
IDs of all ones is the broadcast address for that network (192.168.1.255 with a
24-bit subnet mask, for example).
- FSG1100HN 1
- About This User’s Guide 3
- Document Conventions 6
- Icons Used in Figures 7
- Safety Warnings 8
- SAFETY WARNINGS 9
- Table of Contents 10
- Introduction 13
- 1.1 Overview 15
- 1.2 Applications 15
- 1.5 LED and Rear Panel 16
- Chapter 2 The WPS Button 17
- The WPS Button 19
- 3.1 Overview 21
- Password Screen 22
- Status Screen 23
- Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 24
- Status > Multiple AP 25
- 3.5 Setting the Device Mode 26
- PART II 28
- Wireless LAN 30
- 4.2 What You Can Do 31
- 4.3 What You Should Know 31
- Wireless > Basic Settings 32
- 4.4.1 Multiple AP Table 33
- 4.6.1 WEP 37
- 4.6.2 WPA 39
- 4.6.3 WPA2 41
- 4.6.4 WPA-Mixed 42
- Wireless > Access Control 44
- Wireless > WPS 45
- 5.1 Overview 48
- 5.2 What You Can Do 48
- Chapter 5 WAN 49
- 5.5 WAN for PPPoE Screen 53
- 6.1 Overview 56
- 6.2 What You Can Do 56
- 6.3 What You Need To Know 57
- 6.4 LAN General Screen 58
- Chapter 6 LAN 59
- 6.4.2 Static DHCP 60
- 6.5 VLAN Screen 61
- 7.1 Overview 63
- 7.2 What You Can Do 63
- 7.3 NAT General Screen 64
- Refresh 65
- 7.4 NAT DMZ Screen 66
- Chapter 7 NAT 67
- PART III 69
- Firewall 71
- 8.1 What You Can Do 72
- 8.2 What You Need To Know 72
- 8.3 Firewall Filter Screen 73
- Firewall > Filter > Add 74
- Chapter 8 Firewall 75
- Firewall > Content Filter 77
- PART IV 80
- Media Bandwidth Management 82
- 10.1 TR-069 General Screen 85
- Chapter 10 TR-069 86
- Auto Provision 88
- Chapter 11 Auto Provision 90
- Maintenance 91
- Troubleshooting 91
- System Settings 93
- Chapter 12 System Settings 94
- 13.1 Log Screen 98
- Chapter 13 Log 99
- 14.1 Tools Firmware Screen 100
- 14.3 Tools Restart Screen 101
- Chapter 14 Tools 102
- FSG1100HN User’s Guide 102
- Tools window – Restart tab 102
- PART VI 104
- Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts 106
- 108
- JavaScripts 109
- Internet Options: Security 110
- JAVA (Sun) 112
- Java (Sun) 113
- IP Addresses and Subnetting 114
- Subnet Masks 115
- Network Size 116
- Notation 117
- Subnetting 118
- Example: Four Subnets 119
- Subnet 1 120
- Subnet 2 120
- Subnet 3 120
- Subnet 4 120
- Example: Eight Subnets 121
- Subnet Planning 121
- Configuring IP Addresses 122
- Private IP Addresses 123
- Address 124
- Windows 95/98/Me 125
- Configuring 126
- Verifying Settings 127
- Windows 2000/NT/XP 128
- Macintosh OS 8/9 134
- Macintosh OS X 136
- Using Configuration Files 139
- Wireless LANs 142
- Appendix D Wireless LANs 143
- Channel 144
- RTS/CTS 144
- Fragmentation Threshold 146
- Preamble Type 146
- Types of Authentication 148
- Encryption 150
- User Authentication 151
- Security Parameters Summary 153
- Services 154
- Appendix E Services 155
- PROTOCOL 157
- PORT(S) 157
- DESCRIPTION 157
- Legal Information 158
- ZyXEL Limited Warranty 159
- Registration 160
- Appendix F Legal Information 164
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